Top Attractions and best sightseeings in Xinjiang

Xinjiang, boasts of many breathtaking natural wonders and cultural landmarks, including the otherworldly karst landscape of the Karez irrigation system, the stunningly beautiful Heavenly Lake nestled in the Tian Shan mountain range, the historic city of Kashgar with its bustling bazaars and iconic Id Kah Mosque, the ancient ruins of Jiaohe and Gaochang, the unique Flaming Mountains made famous in the classic Chinese novel "Journey to the West," and the mysterious Taklamakan Desert, known as the "Sea of Death" for its harsh and unforgiving terrain, making it an ideal destination for adventurous travelers and cultural enthusiasts alike.

Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Museum in Urumqi

The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Museum, located in Urumqi, is a fascinating institution that showcases the rich cultural and historical heritage of the region, with exhibits that span from the Paleolithic era to modern times, highlighting the diverse ethnic groups that have lived in the region over the centuries, including the Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Mongols, and more. The museum's collection includes artifacts such as ancient textiles, pottery, weapons, and jewelry, as well as informative displays on the region's natural resources, geography, and traditional ways of life. Visitors to the museum can gain a deeper appreciation for the unique cultural identity of Xinjiang and the many influences that have shaped this vibrant region over the course of its history.

Heavenly Lake (Tianchi) in Tianshan Mountains

Heavenly Lake, located about 110 kilometers northeast of Urumqi, the capital city of Xinjiang, is a breathtakingly beautiful alpine lake nestled in the Tian Shan mountain range at an altitude of 1,980 meters above sea level, surrounded by snow-capped peaks, lush forests, and blooming wildflowers, offering visitors a serene and picturesque escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. The lake, which is fed by melted snow and glaciers, is crystal clear and reflects the stunning natural scenery around it, and visitors can enjoy various activities such as hiking, boating, and horseback riding while taking in the breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.

Karez Irrigation System in Turpan

The Karez Irrigation System is an ancient underground irrigation system located in the Turpan region of Xinjiang. It consists of a series of wells, underground canals, and surface channels that together provide irrigation water to the agricultural fields in the region.

The system dates back more than 2,000 years and was developed by the people of the Turpan region to cope with the arid desert climate and lack of surface water. The word "Karez" itself is derived from the local Uyghur language and means "well" or "well system".

The Karez system consists of a series of wells, which are typically dug into the ground to a depth of around 20 to 30 meters, depending on the local geology. The wells are then linked by a network of underground canals, which are carefully sloped to allow water to flow from higher elevations to lower ones. Along the way, the canals are often reinforced with stone walls to prevent collapse.

The water from the Karez system is typically used to irrigate crops such as grapes, melons, and other fruits and vegetables. The system has been crucial to the development of agriculture in the Turpan region, which is now known for its high-quality produce.

The Karez system has faced challenges in recent years, including declining groundwater levels and damage to the canals from urban development and other human activities. However, efforts are underway to restore and preserve the system for future generations to enjoy and learn from.

Kashgar Old City

Kashgar Old City, located in the westernmost part of China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, is a unique and historic district that dates back over 2,000 years and is considered to be one of the best-preserved examples of traditional Islamic architecture in the world. The old city's labyrinthine streets are lined with traditional mud-brick houses, shops, mosques, and other cultural landmarks, including the famous Id Kah Mosque, which is one of the largest mosques in China and serves as a central gathering place for the local Uyghur community. The old city's bustling bazaars offer visitors a chance to sample the local cuisine, haggle over handmade crafts and textiles, and experience the vibrant energy and hospitality of this ancient trading hub. Despite its rich cultural significance, Kashgar Old City faces many challenges, including ongoing efforts by the Chinese government to modernize the city and the impacts of tourism on the traditional way of life of its residents.

Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar

Id Kah Mosque is a significant mosque located in the city of Kashgar, in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. The mosque is one of the largest mosques in China and is considered to be the spiritual heart of the Muslim Uyghur population in Xinjiang.

The mosque was built during the 15th century and has undergone several renovations and expansions over the centuries. The current structure covers an area of approximately 16,800 square meters and can accommodate up to 20,000 worshippers at a time.

The mosque is known for its intricate Islamic architecture, with features such as multiple domes, minarets, and arches. The main prayer hall is decorated with colorful tiles and intricate carvings, and is said to be one of the most beautiful prayer halls in China.

In addition to being a place of worship, Id Kah Mosque also serves as a cultural center for the Uyghur community in Kashgar. It hosts a variety of events and activities, including festivals, cultural performances, and lectures on Islam and Uyghur culture.

However, it is important to note that the mosque and the Uyghur community in Xinjiang have been the subject of controversy and human rights concerns in recent years, with the Chinese government being accused of restricting the religious freedom and cultural rights of the Uyghur population.

Flaming Mountains in Turpan

The Flaming Mountains, also known as Red Mountains, are a range of mountains located in the Turpan Basin in Xinjiang, China. The mountains are made up of a unique type of sandstone that gives them their striking red color, and they are known for their extreme temperatures, which can reach up to 50°C (122°F) during the summer months.

The Flaming Mountains are a popular tourist destination due to their unique appearance and cultural significance. They are featured prominently in the classic Chinese novel "Journey to the West," which tells the story of the Buddhist monk Xuanzang and his travels to India in search of sacred texts.

Visitors to the Flaming Mountains can explore the many caves, grottoes, and temples that are scattered throughout the area. Some of the most popular sites include the Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves, the Gaochang Ancient City, and the Emin Minaret. The Flaming Mountains are also a great place for hiking and enjoying the unique landscape.

Overall, the Flaming Mountains in Turpan are a fascinating destination for anyone interested in history, culture, and natural beauty.

Karakul Lake in Kashgar

Karakul Lake is a high-altitude lake located in the Pamir Mountains in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. The lake is situated at an altitude of 3,600 meters (11,800 feet) above sea level and has a surface area of approximately 10 square kilometers (3.9 square miles).

The lake is known for its stunning natural beauty and is surrounded by snow-capped peaks, including Muztagh Ata and Kongur Tagh, which are among the highest mountains in the region. The crystal-clear water of the lake reflects the surrounding mountains, creating a breathtaking scenery that attracts many visitors every year.

The area around Karakul Lake is also home to several ethnic groups, including the Kyrgyz people, who are known for their unique yurts, traditional clothing, and hospitality. Visitors can interact with the locals and learn about their way of life and culture.

Karakul Lake is a popular destination for hiking, camping, and trekking, and it is also a starting point for expeditions to climb Muztagh Ata and other nearby peaks. The best time to visit the lake is from May to October, when the weather is relatively mild and the roads are accessible.

Grape Valley in Turpan

Grape Valley (or Putao Yuan in Chinese) is a scenic area located in the Turpan Basin, in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. It is named after the numerous vineyards that grow in the area and is famous for its grape production.

The valley is situated approximately 13 kilometers northeast of the city of Turpan, and it covers an area of about 5 square kilometers. The grapevines in Grape Valley are mostly of the seedless variety and are grown using traditional methods of irrigation, which involves diverting water from the nearby Flaming Mountains.

Apart from grape production, Grape Valley is also a popular tourist destination, known for its scenic beauty and cultural attractions. Visitors can explore the numerous vineyards and orchards, enjoy the local cuisine, and experience the local Uygur culture, which is a unique blend of Central Asian, Chinese, and Islamic influences.

Some of the popular attractions in Grape Valley include the Grape Valley Museum, the Grape Festival (held annually in August), and the Grape Valley Scenic Area, which offers stunning views of the surrounding mountains and landscapes.

Overall, Grape Valley is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in experiencing the unique culture and natural beauty of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China.

Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves in Turpan:

The Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves are a complex of Buddhist cave temples located in the Flaming Mountains of Turpan, Xinjiang, China. The caves were built between the 5th and 14th centuries during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, and Yuan dynasties.

The complex consists of 77 rock-cut caves that are adorned with murals and sculptures depicting Buddhist deities, scenes from Buddhist scriptures, and the daily life of the local people. The murals are particularly noteworthy, as they provide a valuable insight into the artistic and cultural heritage of the region. The style of the murals is a blend of Indian, Persian, and Chinese influences, reflecting the multicultural nature of the Silk Road.

The Bezeklik caves were an important center of Buddhism in Central Asia and served as a stopover for monks, traders, and travelers who journeyed along the Silk Road. They were also a place of pilgrimage for devout Buddhists.

Today, the caves are a popular tourist attraction and have been designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit in China. However, due to natural erosion and human activity, many of the caves and their murals have been damaged or destroyed over the centuries. Conservation efforts are ongoing to preserve what remains of this important historical site.

Tuyugou Valley in Turpan

Tuyugou Valley is known for its beautiful natural scenery and unique cultural heritage.

The valley is home to a Uyghur ethnic group, who have been living there for generations. Visitors can explore the traditional Uyghur architecture, which includes houses built with mud bricks and decorated with intricate patterns and designs.

One of the main attractions of Tuyugou Valley is the Tuyugou Karez System, an ancient irrigation system that has been in use for over 2,000 years. The system consists of a series of underground tunnels and canals that bring water from the nearby mountains to the fields and orchards in the valley. Visitors can learn about the history and technology behind the karez system and see how it is still used today to irrigate the crops in the valley.

Another popular attraction in Tuyugou Valley is the Tuyugou Great Mosque, which dates back to the Qing dynasty (1644-1912). The mosque is one of the largest in Xinjiang and is known for its beautiful architecture and ornate decorations.

Overall, Tuyugou Valley is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Turpan. It offers a unique blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and historical significance that is sure to leave a lasting impression.

Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves in Aksu

The Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves are a complex of Buddhist cave temples located near Aksu city in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. The caves are known for their elaborate murals and sculptures, which date back to the 3rd to 8th centuries AD.

The Kizil Caves consist of 236 caves, which were carved into the cliffs on the northern bank of the Muzat River. The caves were created over a period of several hundred years and were used for meditation, study, and worship by Buddhist monks and pilgrims.

The caves are named after the red sandstone cliffs in which they are located. The murals and sculptures in the caves depict a wide range of Buddhist themes, including the life of the Buddha, the Jataka tales, and scenes from Buddhist scriptures.

The Kizil Caves are considered to be one of the earliest and most significant Buddhist cave complexes in China. They provide valuable insight into the spread of Buddhism along the ancient Silk Road and the development of Buddhist art and architecture in China.

Bayinbuluke Grasslands

The Bayinbuluke Grasslands, also known as the Bayinbuluke Prairie, is a vast natural grassland area located in the Bayinbuluke Mountains in Xinjiang. The grasslands cover an area of approximately 23,000 square kilometers, making it one of the largest grasslands in China.

The Bayinbuluke Grasslands are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including various species of wild animals such as the argali sheep, red deer, and Siberian ibex. The grasslands are also an important habitat for many species of birds.

The grasslands have been used for grazing by local nomadic communities for centuries. Many of these communities still live on the grasslands today, maintaining their traditional way of life and practicing their unique cultural traditions.

The Bayinbuluke Grasslands are also a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors who come to explore the natural beauty of the area and experience the local culture. Visitors can participate in various activities such as horseback riding, hiking, and camping.

Kanas Lake

Kanas Lake is a scenic lake located in the Altay Mountains in Xinjiang. It is also known as Kanas Lake Nature Reserve and is a popular tourist destination due to its beautiful scenery, unique wildlife, and cultural significance. The lake is around 45 kilometers long, and its clear blue water is surrounded by dense forests, majestic mountains, and rolling grasslands. It is also home to various species of fish, birds, and mammals, including the endangered Snow Leopard.

Kanas Lake is considered a sacred place by the local Tuva people, who have lived in the region for thousands of years. They believe that the lake is inhabited by a mysterious creature known as the Kanas Lake Monster, which is said to resemble a giant fish or serpent. The legend of the Kanas Lake Monster has attracted many visitors to the lake, and some have claimed to have seen the creature.

In addition to its natural beauty and cultural significance, Kanas Lake is also a popular destination for outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, fishing, and kayaking. Visitors can also explore nearby attractions such as the Hemu Village, a picturesque village located in a remote valley near the lake. Overall, Kanas Lake is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in experiencing the natural and cultural wonders of the Altay Mountains.

Narati Grasslands in Bayingolin

The Narati Grasslands, also known as Narat Grasslands, is a vast expanse of grassland located in the Bayinbuluke Grassland Nature Reserve in Xinjiang. It is considered one of the most beautiful and well-preserved grasslands in China, covering an area of over 230,000 hectares.

The Narati Grasslands are situated in the northwest of Xinjiang, near the border with Kazakhstan, and they are surrounded by the Tianshan Mountains. The grasslands are home to numerous species of plants and animals, including wild horses, camels, and various types of birds.

Visitors to the Narati Grasslands can enjoy a range of activities, including horseback riding, hiking, and camping. The grasslands are also a popular destination for photography enthusiasts, as they offer stunning views of the surrounding mountains and landscapes.

In addition to its natural beauty, the Narati Grasslands are also home to the Kazakh people, who have lived in the area for centuries. Visitors can experience their unique culture and way of life, including their traditional yurt-style homes, cuisine, and music.

Overall, the Narati Grasslands offer a unique and unforgettable experience for anyone interested in exploring the natural beauty and cultural heritage of Xinjiang.

Shipton's Arch in Kashgar

Shipton's Arch, also known as Tushuk Tash in the Uyghur language, is a natural sandstone arch located in the remote Pamir Mountains near Kashgar, in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. It is considered one of the largest natural arches in the world, with a height of 1,200 feet (365 meters) and a span of 1,600 feet (488 meters).

The arch was first discovered in 1947 by the British mountaineer Eric Shipton, during his explorations of the Pamir Mountains. However, it was not until 2000 that a team of American and Chinese climbers were able to reach the arch and conduct a thorough investigation.

Since then, Shipton's Arch has become a popular destination for adventure enthusiasts and rock climbers. The area surrounding the arch is characterized by rugged mountain terrain, deep gorges, and steep cliffs, which make it a challenging but rewarding destination for climbers.

In addition to its natural beauty and adventure opportunities, Shipton's Arch is also of cultural and historical significance. It is located in an area that has been inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Tajiks, Kyrgyz, and Uyghurs, for centuries. Visitors can experience their unique cultures and traditions, as well as explore the region's ancient Silk Road history.

Overall, Shipton's Arch offers a unique and unforgettable experience for anyone interested in adventure, nature, and cultural heritage. However, due to its remote location and challenging terrain, visitors should plan carefully and take appropriate safety precautions before embarking on a trip to the arch.

Jiaohe Ruins in Turpan

The Jiaohe Ruins is an ancient city located in the Turpan Basin of Xinjiang, China. It is a well-preserved example of a desert city that was constructed over 2,000 years ago. The city was built on a natural island in the middle of a river and was an important center of trade and culture along the Silk Road.

The Jiaohe Ruins cover an area of around 165,000 square meters and include various structures such as temples, residential areas, and administrative buildings. The city was made entirely of rammed earth and was well-planned, with streets, squares, and wells. The buildings were constructed using a technique called "sun-dried bricks," which involved shaping mud into bricks and then drying them in the sun.

The Jiaohe Ruins is unique in that it was built without a city wall, likely due to its location on a natural island in the river, which provided natural protection. The city was abandoned in the 14th century due to wars and natural disasters, but the ruins have remained remarkably well-preserved.

Today, the Jiaohe Ruins is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world who come to marvel at the ancient city's unique architecture and learn about its rich history.

The site has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in ancient history and architecture.